Bypass centrifugal filter

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Delfin

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Jan 20, 2010
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We have a Northern Lights 20kw genset on board (I know, it's big, but it came with the boat, brand new). I installed a Puradyn bypass filter on the main CAT 3306 a number of years ago, and have been meaning to install one on the genset as well. The basic reason is that OEM filters are designed to handle particles in the 20 - 40 micron range, but most wear on parts occurs from particles quite a lot smaller than that, or so I am told. A bypass filter simply supplements this stock filtration with a separate path for the oil to flow through that incorporates either a much tighter mesh in a filter cartridge, like the Puradyn that filters down to 1 micron, or via a centrifuge that spins the oil and separates particulates from the oil to about the same level - 1 micron. These particles collect on the side of the centrifuge and can be cleaned out at oil changes, or before if desired.

I thought some members might want an assessment of the difficulty, time and cost of installing a centrifuge as I can't see the downside of having cleaner oil.

The one I purchased for the 33 hp genset is from Dieselcraft, an OC 25. They make an OC 26 that covers 50 to 500 hp. The picture shows the unit as mounted. Oil comes under engine oil pressure enters the unit via the black hose and gets the centrifuge spinning around 6,000 rpm. Another port sprays oil on the inside of the spinning centrifuge, and separates rubbish from oil, which flows out the top of the unit, and drains back to the sump via the blue hose. The little silver box to the left is a small air pump Dieselcraft supplies to help push the oil back to the sump so the drain hose can be small i.d. They told me the unit process about .4gpm of oil.

The unit comes with the bracket shown that allows it to be mounted on any angled surface. They supply some hose, and all the fittings needed to make up the connections. You need to locate a source of 12 vdc power for the pump that is only on when the motor is running. In the NL's case, I could make a connection at the engine kill unit that is activated by the various Murphy switches on the engine. It is a normally closed switch that opens and stays open as long as the engine is running and no low oil pressure or high temperature condition is detected. You tap into the pressure side of the oil path in the engine - usually these taps can be found near the oil filter - and connect the supply line. The return line can be more problematic. In my case, I have the sump of the NL plumbed to an oil extraction pump for oil changes, so it was easy to pipe into that, but absent that, tapping and drilling the oil cap, or worse, the pan itself might be needed. The whole installation took me about 4 hours. Cost for the filter is $420 delivered, plus a few extra parts for plumbing.

The only tricky bit was finding a metric to pipe adapter, but Amazon came to the rescue. The tap on the block of the NL unit is an M10 x 1.0, and all the fitting for the Dieselcraft are pipe fittings.

The OEM filter on the NL is really small, and I suspect that may be why the oil change interval is 100 hours. While they say you can significantly extend oil change intervals with any bypass filter, I have never done so. Oil seems cheap compared to the cost of repair, so saving $100 once a year in oil I could have kept doesn't seem material enough to worry about, given other boat expenses.
 

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Carl
What a neat idea and nice installation. What is the primary target audience for the unit? Also, in the event of power loss to the unit does the normal oil flow and filter perform as normal?
 
Carl
What a neat idea and nice installation. What is the primary target audience for the unit? Also, in the event of power loss to the unit does the normal oil flow and filter perform as normal?

From their website, it looks like they sell a lot of units to diesel pick up truck owners. On Youtube there are a couple of videos done by truck owners who are somewhat surprised at how much crud the units separate out. This small one they don't even list on their website, so I assume they don't have much of a market, but I don't see why it wouldn't work on any small genset diesel.

I asked about gravity only for draining back to the sump, and they said you would need a 1/2 i.d. line. Without the air pump, which they say is good for 20,000 hours, the amount of oil in the bottom of the unit would probably build up to the point where it would stall the centrifuge, so I suspect it just wouldn't work, but no harm would be done. Further, this little unit drains half of what the larger one they sell for 50 to 500 hp but uses the same 5/16" i.d. drain line, so maybe it would still work. Beats me. I'll be curious to see what gets collected after 20 hours or so.
 
Correction to the model number. What I have is an OC-26, which is smaller than the OC-25.
 
The centrifuge uses engine oil pressure to power spin. Higher oil pressure, faster spin, more/smaller particles removed. So if you can boost the oil pressure to the centrifuge you get better cleaning. I've played with bypass filters since the 1960s. When running engines just like others were using, my engines went almost twice as many hours between rebuild.

I used one of these years ago, but went to a stand alone centrifuge that spins faster and does all the engines. Now I get transparent oil.
 
It would seem that spinning the centrifuge with oil is the most common practice , although so little energy is required an electric motor might work better at even at idle,full cleaning speed would be obtained.

The larger OTR trucks have oil powered models that are serviced by replacing a paper filter like a coffee filter at tiny cost or effort.

The truck units are not white boat priced , BUT the mfg would not allow the unit to filter diesel fuel.
 
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While I like the idea, I wonder if it masks engine problems. I do oil analysis at each oil change. Mostly I'm looking for wear metals, fuel, water and antifreeze in the oil. Does this process remove those things? While obviously I don't want them in the oil, I do want to know if something is wearing abnormally or if a gasket between oil and antifreeze is weeping.

Ted
 
While I like the idea, I wonder if it masks engine problems. I do oil analysis at each oil change. Mostly I'm looking for wear metals, fuel, water and antifreeze in the oil. Does this process remove those things? While obviously I don't want them in the oil, I do want to know if something is wearing abnormally or if a gasket between oil and antifreeze is weeping.

Ted

It will certainly remove particles from around 1 micron to around 30 - 40 microns, and ones larger than that will get caught by the OEM filter. But I beleve that oil analysis is done with a gas spectrometer and if you have excess wear it will still show up because the particles are smaller than 1 micron. I've read that most wear comes from particles around 7 microns, which are simply passed through by the OEM filter.

In any case, I'm not sure of the benefit of having dirty oil so it is easier to see that it's dirty....
 
It would seem that spinning the centrifuge with oil is the most common practice , although so little energy is required an electric motor might work better at even at idle,full cleaning speed would be obtained.

The larger OTR trucks have oil powered models that are serviced by replacing a paper filter like a coffee filter at tiny cost or effort.

The truck units are not white boat priced , BUT the mfg would not allow the unit to filter diesel fuel.

Diesel craft does sell stand alone motors and adapters for that purpose.
 
I don't understand what problem this solution is fixing? If you change the oil at the recommended intervals and at the rate we use them, most engines will outlive most of us.

Cute thing though, fun gadget.
 
I don't understand what problem this solution is fixing? If you change the oil at the recommended intervals and at the rate we use them, most engines will outlive most of us.

Cute thing though, fun gadget.

No doubt they will. However, since most all wear related to lubrication happens with particles that pass right through the OEM filter, arguing against bypass filtration is arguing for engine wear and dirtier oil.

Kind of like cleaning the boat. You don't need to as dirty boats don't sink any faster than clean ones, but you do anyway.
 
As any engine ages from wear it looses efficiency

It gulps more fuel from worn sloppy or stuck rings and becomes harder to start .

It may become louder as internal slop increases .And will usually smoke more.

None of the wear adds to the pleasure of boating , even if the engine does last for 40 years.
 
Sorry, I don't see it. I can see using it if you are running your boat commercially or have a depreciation concern but for recreational boaters? But like every other type of boat voodoo like anchor size or synthetic oil or stern thrusters, you will do whatever your dad did, or your buddy does and you will be content.

What's wrong with that?
 
Sorry, I don't see it. I can see using it if you are running your boat commercially or have a depreciation concern but for recreational boaters? But like every other type of boat voodoo like anchor size or synthetic oil or stern thrusters, you will do whatever your dad did, or your buddy does and you will be content.

What's wrong with that?

Reduced engine wear and maintaining your stuff is boat voodoo?
 
As any engine ages from wear it looses efficiency

It gulps more fuel from worn sloppy or stuck rings and becomes harder to start .

It may become louder as internal slop increases .And will usually smoke more.

None of the wear adds to the pleasure of boating , even if the engine does last for 40 years.

Like most families, we pass on vehicles to our kids when they still run, but are basically no fun to drive anymore. The last one was a VW Passat. Ran for another 50,000 miles after I have it away. Mine you, my son had to enter it via the trunk for the last 10,000 since the door handles didn't work anymore.

Some people like to maintain their things to a high level and some don't, knowing they still work, more or less. To each his own.
 
No doubt they will. However, since most all wear related to lubrication happens with particles that pass right through the OEM filter, arguing against bypass filtration is arguing for engine wear and dirtier oil.

I think most wear due to particles that get through the filter are, well, particles that get through the filter. If the OEM paper filter bypasses 7 micron particles, and these are really responsible for most of the wear, then one could save money by not fitting them at all. I'd like to see those studies.

That said, it's hard to argue against clean oil. And to the poster saying "why?", I'd agree on a plain white clorox bottle production boat, Delfin is anything but that. No one is going to throw it away when the engine is worn.
 
I think most wear due to particles that get through the filter are, well, particles that get through the filter. If the OEM paper filter bypasses 7 micron particles, and these are really responsible for most of the wear, then one could save money by not fitting them at all. I'd like to see those studies.

That said, it's hard to argue against clean oil. And to the poster saying "why?", I'd agree on a plain white clorox bottle production boat, Delfin is anything but that. No one is going to throw it away when the engine is worn.

Since she has already out lived one diesel, and since changing engines is a matter of cutting a barn door in her side so you could get it out, you're right.

The OEM filter removes larger agglomerated carbon particles that the additives in the oil encourage to stick together so they are large enough they can be picked up. So there is no argument for removing it just because you have a by pass filter. You can make the argument for not changing it as frequently, just as pre-filtering diesel will extend the life of the OEM fuel filter. It's just a question of whether it's worth the money to you. For me, not so much.

Here's a study on particle size and wear: https://p2infohouse.org/ref/31/30453.pdf

If the wear particles in the oil are smaller than the lubrication film thickness, then no wear occurs. Table 2 in the above shows what thickness that film is on different parts of the engine. Get the smallest particle size in the oil to one micron or so and you will eliminate most wear particle caused engine wear.
 
In the image posted earlier, the canister is bulkhead mounted with the can on top. How do you change the filter unit without dripping the contents? Drain it back in the sump?
 
In the image posted earlier, the canister is bulkhead mounted with the can on top. How do you change the filter unit without dripping the contents? Drain it back in the sump?

Ah...the oil is continuously draining back to the sump, so when you remove the outer white bowl by unscrewing the nut on top, there is the centrifugal bowl within. Take off another bolt and you can clean the inside of the centrifuge. When you're doing this, any excess oil has drained back to the sump already.

 
Make sure you have enough oil pressure once you put this in service. Most engines that use these have an abundance of oil pressure to drive a centrifuge, so no big deal. Not sure if that NL has such an abundance.

Also, if running a 20kW, that is a LOT of power for a trawler type boat. Make sure you load it up enough for it to burn clean. Seen too many gennies too big for the boat get glazed liners from running too light a load. It does not need to run big load all the time, but at least say 25% at high load, about 75% should do it.

I have done way more repairs on gennies from light load running than wear from dirty oil.

In fact, I don't think I have ever repaired a pleasure type marine engine due to dirty oil related wear.
 
Make sure you have enough oil pressure once you put this in service. Most engines that use these have an abundance of oil pressure to drive a centrifuge, so no big deal. Not sure if that NL has such an abundance.

Also, if running a 20kW, that is a LOT of power for a trawler type boat. Make sure you load it up enough for it to burn clean. Seen too many gennies too big for the boat get glazed liners from running too light a load. It does not need to run big load all the time, but at least say 25% at high load, about 75% should do it.

I have done way more repairs on gennies from light load running than wear from dirty oil.

In fact, I don't think I have ever repaired a pleasure type marine engine due to dirty oil related wear.

Yep, it's way too big, but when I bought her as an empty hull, there it was. Not hooked up to anything, but I wasn't going to remove it and replace it with a smaller one.

When the genset is on, we're pushing about 5 kw to the lithium bank and making water, running the polishing motors, and doing laundry or cooking when possible. Still not really enough, but hopefully enough to keep it from running into low load problems. Other than getting a bigger water maker, which I wouldn't mind having, I'm not sure what to do otherwise. Klieg lights?

On the oil pressure the orifices that drive the centrifuge are pretty small and the pressure seems ok. But that's a good point. I put a little shut off valve on the supply to the centrifuge so I should do a comparison with it open or closed and see what impact, if any, it has on oil pressure. How much of a drop would be a concern?
 
If oil pressure drops from 60psi to 50 or 40, should be ok. If it drops to 15-20psi, I would not use it. Check with oil hot, after a good run at load.

If you throttle the supply oil, bucket rpm will drop and it will not do much settling.
 
If oil pressure drops from 60psi to 50 or 40, should be ok. If it drops to 15-20psi, I would not use it. Check with oil hot, after a good run at load.

If you throttle the supply oil, bucket rpm will drop and it will not do much settling.

Thanks Ski. The drive orifice is only about 1/64th of an inch, so I hope I won't see much of a drop, but I'll certainly let everyone know if it does.
 
Sorry, I don't see it. I can see using it if you are running your boat commercially or have a depreciation concern but for recreational boaters? But like every other type of boat voodoo like anchor size or synthetic oil or stern thrusters, you will do whatever your dad did, or your buddy does and you will be content.

What's wrong with that?
So, why filter the oil at all?
 
Delfin, nice installation. One important question, is the board on which the unit is mounted faired and Awlgripped, or is it a one part paint;-) Seriously, thank you for not using Starboard.

Seriously again, I'm an advocate of bypass filtration. There are some very interesting studies proving its value. Some have asked, why bother if you aren't extending oil drain intervals. In short, if bypass filtration removes soot and other contaminants from crankcase oil, keeping it from turning black, it means a cleaner running engine and less wear, less opportunity for restricted oil flow, sludge and varnish build up.

I wrote an article on the subject a few years ago, drawing on some of the aforementioned studies, I believe a photo of your Puradyne unit is included. http://stevedmarineconsulting.com/w...ltration-ProBoat144_ByPassFilter-FinalOpt.pdf
 
Delfin, nice installation. One important question, is the board on which the unit is mounted faired and Awlgripped, or is it a one part paint;-) Seriously, thank you for not using Starboard.

Seriously again, I'm an advocate of bypass filtration. There are some very interesting studies proving its value. Some have asked, why bother if you aren't extending oil drain intervals. In short, if bypass filtration removes soot and other contaminants from crankcase oil, keeping it from turning black, it means a cleaner running engine and less wear, less opportunity for restricted oil flow, sludge and varnish build up.

I wrote an article on the subject a few years ago, drawing on some of the aforementioned studies, I believe a photo of your Puradyne unit is included. http://stevedmarineconsulting.com/w...ltration-ProBoat144_ByPassFilter-FinalOpt.pdf

One thing I find interesting is that the CAT has a Puradyn, and it filters out down to 1 micron, yet the oil still gets black. This tells me that even teenie tiny particles that won't cause wear will still color the oil, so while I would like it to also be clean looking, it probably is clean running. I suppose it's possible the filter isn't working as advertised, but I doubt that given the construction of the filter and the stack of filtration material the oil is forced to go through to get back to the sump. I'll be curious to see whether the centrifugal filter gets all the carbon and keeps the oil looking clear, but I gather people say it does, so we'll see.

BTW, I think everyone appreciates your posting your always informative articles, so please keep doing that when you can. Incidentally, I disconnected the Puradyn heater element mentioned in your article that they say is supposed to evaporate water. The water is designed to exit a drip tube, but I couldn't keep it from dumping oil and I never saw any water. When I called the factory, the technician basically said just disconnect it, so I got the firm impression it didn't work all that great anyway.
 
I have been using this and other systems for over 20 years. Have an oil analysis carried out before you change your oil, the lab report will provide valuable information not just about the oil but also what is going on internally. I have a fleet of over 240 Emergency vehicles and a 40-foot fireboat that are all equipped with this system. This is money well spent as it will extend the life of oil and protect your engines from wear.

The average cross-section of a human hair is 50 microns. The human eye cannot see anything smaller than 40 microns in size this should give you perspective. I have a portable system I use to polish diesel fuel when the boat is on the hard. The unit operates using a 12 Volt battery, the best part is you do not have to disconnect any lines it is all done via the fuel fill hose. Kudos to you and your forward thinking.
 
I remembered to check for oil pressure drop after installation per Ski's suggestion, and it looks like about 1 psi parasitic loss, so no issue. Whether this would be more on a 5kw genset or not, I do not know, but would assume so.
 

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