Regarding the anchoring of ships, Rick Boggs just sent me this link to a document which defines how anchor and chain size is to be determined based on the formula characteristics of the ship, how the anchor is to be set (note that they say the pull of the chain or cable on the anchor should be horizontal), and a whole bunch of other definitions and requirements.
http://www.iacs.org.uk/document/public/Publications/Unified_requirements/PDF/UR_A_pdf148.PDF
Very interesting document.
One comment relative to the requirements and general certification for yachts as well. While these aren't gospel and beyond approach, they are independent. There are two levels of certification beyond standard approval. They are HHP and SHHP (High Holding Power and Super High Holding Power). It is my understanding the many Rocna anchors are SHHP. It's my understanding that many Sarca are HHP. This information is from each of their websites.
A HHP must hold twice that of a standard stockless anchor of the same mass. A SHHP must hold four times that of a standard stockless anchor of the same mass.
Now the fact some anchors are certified doesn't mean it applies to all anchors from a company. Also, the manufacturing facility must be and Rocna was once criticized for representing certification (as they were) but then their Chinese facility production not yet being certified at that time.
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